Formation Damage. Experimental Work. Laboratory Identification and calculation of Formation damage

The meaning of clay minerals, polymer and filtrate in the pores of the rock shall be emphasised here, since they can influence the formation damage decisively. Author used simulation machine at German Petroleum Institute (ITE) to simulate the borehole conditions. The varying permeability values of the used sandstones can be attributed to the fact that the corresponding different circulation fluids and different borehole conditions. The damaged cores examined by measuring the sectional damage of the cores and deep look inside the cores using the principle of scanning electron microscopy. Scanning of the surface of the specimen in the specimen chamber through a primary electron beam with a deflector. The back-scatter and secondary electrons are recorded and lead to a visualisation of the specimen surface, which is projected to a screen with the help of a video intensifier. The scanning of the specimen surface takes place under vacuum, so that the electron beam will not be scattered by air molecules.